在Windows下編程,經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)有不少功能Windows系統(tǒng)已經(jīng)做了,如果能夠直接調(diào)用,就可省去不少程序的編寫,并能提高程序的運行效率。在很多情況下,我們都可以用“Ctrl + X”、“Ctrl + C”、 “Ctrl + V”和“Ctrl + Z”分別進行“剪切”、“復(fù)制”、“粘貼”和“撤消”操作,由此想到,如果我們能夠在程序中調(diào)用系統(tǒng)的這些功能,就無需為如何實現(xiàn)這些操作而操心了。經(jīng)過不斷的探索,終于發(fā)現(xiàn)SendMessage和PostMessage能夠擔(dān)此重任,真是如獲至寶,于是迫不及待地把它們介紹給各位朋友。 用VB5的“API瀏覽器”可以很容易地找到這兩個API 函數(shù): Declare Function SendMessage Lib “user32” Alias “SendMessageA” _(ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal wMsg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, _lParam As Any) As Long Declare Function PostMessage Lib “user32” Alias “PostMessageA” _(ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal wMsg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, _ByVal lParam As Long) As Long 這兩個函數(shù)的功能幾乎是一樣的,只是SendMessage是直接調(diào)用Windows函數(shù)來發(fā)送消息,只有這個消息完全被處理后此函數(shù)才返回,而PostMessage則給窗體的消息隊列增加一個消息,這個消息將在未來某個時候進行正常事件處理時得到處理。以下僅以SendMessage為例。 函數(shù)中雖然有四個參數(shù),但關(guān)鍵的是前兩個:hwnd 和wMsg。Hwnd是句柄,Microsoft Windows應(yīng)用程序中的每個窗體和控件都擁有一個句柄,通過句柄可以指明函數(shù)的操作對象;wMsg是一個十六進制數(shù),代表了函數(shù)要發(fā)送的具體消息。 下面以具體例子說明如何用SendMessage實現(xiàn)“剪切”、“復(fù)制”、“粘貼”、“撤消” 和“刪除”功能: 在窗體中放置一個文本框Text1和五個按鈕,分別執(zhí)行以上五種功能,編寫以下程序。 Option Explicit Private Declare Function SendMessage Lib “user32” Alias “SendMessageA” _(ByVal hwnd As Long, ByVal wMsg As Long, ByVal wParam As Long, lParam As Any) As Long Const WM_CUT = &H300 Const WM_COPY = &H301 Const WM_PAST = &H302 Const WM_CLEAR = &H303 Const WM_UNDO = &H304 Dim fb As Long Private Sub cmdClear_Click() fb = PostMessage(Text1.hwnd, WM_CLEAR, 0, 0) End Sub Private Sub cmdCopy_Click() fb = SendMessage(Text1.hwnd, WM_COPY, 0, 0) End Sub Private Sub cmdCut_Click() fb = SendMessage(Text1.hwnd, WM_CUT, 0, 0) End Sub Private Sub cmdPast_Click() fb=SendMessage(Text1.hwnd, WM_PAST, 0, 0) End Sub Private Sub cmdUndo_Click() fb=SendMessage(Text1.hwnd, WM_UNDO, 0, 0) End Sub 除了TextBox外SendMessage 還可以對RitchTextBox和ComboBox等進行操作,只要相應(yīng)改變hwnd參數(shù)即可。
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