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在Windows NT下，你能強制本地或遠程機器定時關閉。這段代碼將告訴你怎么做。你能指定系統關閉前的等待時間（0代表立即關閉），關閉進程的優先級（決定是否允許保存未完成的工作）和機器是否要重新啟動。
開始一個新的Project，加入一個module，然后加入一下代碼：
'判斷系統是否為NT：
Private Type OSVERSIONINFO
dwOSVersionInfoSize As Long
dwMajorVersion As Long
dwMinorVersion As Long
dwBuildNumber As Long
dwPlatformId As Long
szCSDVersion As String * 128 ' Maintenance string for PSS usage
End Type
Private Declare Function GetVersionEx Lib "kernel32" Alias "GetVersionExA" (lpVersionInformation As OSVERSIONINFO) As Long
Private Const VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT = 2
Private Const VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_WINDOWS = 1
Private Const VER_PLATFORM_WIN32s = 0
'報告API錯誤：
Private Const FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER = &H100
Private Const FORMAT_MESSAGE_ARGUMENT_ARRAY = &H2000
Private Const FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_HMODULE = &H800
Private Const FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_STRING = &H400
Private Const FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM = &H1000
Private Const FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS = &H200
Private Const FORMAT_MESSAGE_MAX_WIDTH_MASK = &HFF
Private Declare Function FormatMessage Lib "kernel32" Alias "FormatMessageA" (ByVal dwFlags As Long, lpSource As Any, ByVal dwMessageId As Long, ByVal dwLanguageId As Long, ByVal lpBuffer As String, ByVal nSize As Long, Arguments As Long) As Long
' =====================================================================
' NT Only
Private Type LARGE_INTEGER
LowPart As Long
HighPart As Long
End Type
Private Type LUID
LowPart As Long
HighPart As Long
End Type
Private Type LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
pLuid As LUID
Attributes As Long
End Type
Private Type TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
PrivilegeCount As Long
Privileges(0 To 0) As LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES
End Type
Private Declare Function GetCurrentProcess Lib "kernel32" () As Long
Private Declare Function OpenProcessToken Lib "advapi32.dll" (ByVal ProcessHandle As Long, ByVal DesiredAccess As Long, TokenHandle As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32" (ByVal hObject As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function GetTokenInformation Lib "advapi32.dll" (ByVal TokenHandle As Long, TokenInformationClass As Integer, TokenInformation As Any, ByVal TokenInformationLength As Long, ReturnLength As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function AdjustTokenPrivileges Lib "advapi32.dll" (ByVal TokenHandle As Long, ByVal DisableAllPrivileges As Long, NewState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES, ByVal BufferLength As Long, PreviousState As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES, ReturnLength As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function LookupPrivilegeValue Lib "advapi32.dll" Alias "LookupPrivilegeValueA" (ByVal lpSystemName As String, ByVal lpName As String, lpLuid As LUID) As Long
Private Const SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME = "SeShutdownPrivilege"
Private Const SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED = &H2
Private Const READ_CONTROL = &H20000
Private Const STANDARD_RIGHTS_ALL = &H1F0000
Private Const STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE = (READ_CONTROL)
Private Const STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ = (READ_CONTROL)
Private Const STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = &HF0000
Private Const STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = (READ_CONTROL)
Private Const TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY = &H1
Private Const TOKEN_DUPLICATE = (&H2)
Private Const TOKEN_IMPERSONATE = (&H4)
Private Const TOKEN_QUERY = (&H8)
Private Const TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE = (&H10)
Private Const TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES = (&H20)
Private Const TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS = (&H40)
Private Const TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT = (&H80)
Private Const TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS = (STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED Or _
TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY Or _
TOKEN_DUPLICATE Or _
TOKEN_IMPERSONATE Or _
TOKEN_QUERY Or _
TOKEN_QUERY_SOURCE Or _
TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES Or _
TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS Or _
TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT)
Private Const TOKEN_READ = (STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ Or TOKEN_QUERY)
Private Const TOKEN_WRITE = (STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE Or _
TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES Or _
TOKEN_ADJUST_GROUPS Or _
TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT)
Private Const TOKEN_EXECUTE = (STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE)
Private Const TokenDefaultDacl = 6
Private Const TokenGroups = 2
Private Const TokenImpersonationLevel = 9
Private Const TokenOwner = 4
Private Const TokenPrimaryGroup = 5
Private Const TokenPrivileges = 3
Private Const TokenSource = 7
Private Const TokenStatistics = 10
Private Const TokenType = 8
Private Const TokenUser = 1
Private Declare Function InitiateSystemShutdown Lib "advapi32.dll" Alias "InitiateSystemShutdownA" (ByVal lpMachineName As String, ByVal lpMessage As String, ByVal dwTimeout As Long, ByVal bForceAppsClosed As Long, ByVal bRebootAfterShutdown As Long) As Long
Private Declare Function AbortSystemShutdown Lib "advapi32.dll" Alias "AbortSystemShutdownA" (ByVal lpMachineName As String) As Long
' ================================================================
Public Function WinError(ByVal lLastDLLError As Long) As String
Dim sBuff As String
Dim lCount As Long
'返回與LastDLLError關聯的錯誤消息：
sBuff = String$(256, 0)
lCount = FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM Or FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS, _
0, lLastDLLError, 0&, sBuff, Len(sBuff), ByVal 0)
If lCount Then
WinError = Left$(sBuff, lCount)
End If
End Function
Public Function IsNT() As Boolean
Static bOnce As Boolean
Static bValue As Boolean
'返回系統是否為NT：
If Not (bOnce) Then
Dim tVI As OSVERSIONINFO
tVI.dwOSVersionInfoSize = Len(tVI)
If (GetVersionEx(tVI) <> 0) Then
bValue = (tVI.dwPlatformId = VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT)
bOnce = True
End If
End If
IsNT = bValue
End Function
Private Function NTEnableShutDown(ByRef sMsg As String) As Boolean
Dim tLUID As LUID
Dim hProcess As Long
Dim hToken As Long
Dim tTP As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES, tTPOld As TOKEN_PRIVILEGES
Dim lTpOld As Long
Dim lR As Long
'在NT下，我們必須給試圖關閉系統的進程SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME特權
'否則，所有企圖關閉系統的調用都會無效！
'尋找Shoudown特權令牌的LUID：
lR = LookupPrivilegeValue(vbNullString, SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME, tLUID)
'如果我們找到了
If (lR <> 0) Then
'取得當前進程的句柄：
hProcess = GetCurrentProcess()
If (hProcess <> 0) Then
'打開令牌來Adjust和Query（用戶可能沒有權限）
lR = OpenProcessToken(hProcess, TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES Or TOKEN_QUERY, hToken)
If (lR <> 0) Then
'好，我們現在可以調整Shutdown特權了：
With tTP
.PrivilegeCount = 1
With .Privileges(0)
.Attributes = SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED
.pLuid.HighPart = tLUID.HighPart
.pLuid.LowPart = tLUID.LowPart
End With
End With
'現在允許這個進程關閉系統：
lR = AdjustTokenPrivileges(hToken, 0, tTP, Len(tTP), tTPOld, lTpOld)
If (lR <> 0) Then
NTEnableShutDown = True
Else
Err.Raise eeSSDErrorBase + 6, App.EXEName & ".mShutDown", "不能shutdown：你沒有關閉本系統的權限。[" & WinError(Err.LastDllError) & "]"
End If
'記得用完后關閉這個句柄：
CloseHandle hToken
Else
Err.Raise eeSSDErrorBase + 6, App.EXEName & ".mShutDown", "不能shutdown：你沒有關閉本系統的權限。[" & WinError(Err.LastDllError) & "]"
End If
Else
Err.Raise eeSSDErrorBase + 5, App.EXEName & ".mShutDown", "不能shutdown：不能終止當前進程。[" & WinError(Err.LastDllError) & "]"
End If
Else
Err.Raise eeSSDErrorBase + 4, App.EXEName & ".mShutDown", "不能shutdown：找不到SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME特權值。[" & WinError(Err.LastDllError) & "]"
End If
End Function
Public Function NTForceTimedShutdown( _
Optional ByVal lTimeOut As Long = -1, _
Optional ByVal sMsg As String = "", _
Optional ByVal sMachineNetworkName As String = vbNullString, _
Optional ByVal bForceAppsToClose As Boolean = False, _
Optional ByVal bReboot As Boolean = False _
) As Boolean
Dim lR As Long
If IsNT Then
'如果我們在NT下，確信我們已經給了這個進程關閉系統的特權：
If Not (NTEnableShutDown(sMsg)) Then
Exit Function
End If
'這是定時關閉系統的代碼：
lR = InitiateSystemShutdown(sMachineNetworkName, sMsg, lTimeOut, bForceAppsToClose, bReboot)
If (lR = 0) Then
Err.Raise eeSSDErrorBase + 2, App.EXEName & ".mShutDown", "InitiateSystemShutdown failed: " & WinError(Err.LastDllError)
End If
Else
Err.Raise eeSSDErrorBase + 1, App.EXEName & ".mShutDown", "函數僅在Windows NT下有效。"
End If
End Function
Public Function NTAbortTimedShutdown(Optional ByVal sMachineNetworkName As String = vbNullString)
AbortSystemShutdown sMachineNetworkName
End Function
為了試驗一次shutdown，在窗體上放兩個Command按鈕和一個Text，然后粘貼一下代碼。注意，你必須在運行前保存你的工作，因為Shutdown也將關閉VB且不會給你任何有關保存的詢問！
點擊Command1，它根據Text里的值開始一次定時關機。要終止Shutdown，點Command2。
Private Sub Command1_Click()
If (MsgBox("你確定要強制定時關機嗎？", vbYesNo Or vbQuestion) = vbYes) Then
NTForceTimedShutdown CLng(Text1.Text), "系統將在" & Text1.Text & "秒后關閉..."
End If
End Sub
Private Sub Command2_Click()
NTAbortTimedShutdown
End Sub
Private Sub Form_Load()
Text1.Text = 60
End Sub
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